How AI changes the way we think

Research from Carnegie Mellon University and Microsoft Research found that the widespread use of generative AI (GenAI) can reduce critical thinking skills among knowledge workers.

How does AI affect critical thinking?

The study surveyed 319 knowledge workers across different industries and revealed a key trend: the more confidence users have in AI, the less effort they put into critically evaluating information. Conversely, those who are more confident in their own expertise are more likely to fact-check and refine AI-generated results.

Key changes in critical thinking caused by Generative AI:

· Instead of independently completing tasks, workers increasingly focus on reviewing and integrating AI-generated responses.

· In low-stakes tasks, people are more likely to trust AI without verification, which, over time, may weaken their ability to analyze information independently.

· In high-stakes tasks—such as medical or legal consultations—users are more inclined to double-check AI-generated information.

When does critical thinking decline?

Researchers identified several factors that lead to reduced critical thinking when using AI:

Overreliance on technology. Many users assume that AI can provide flawless information, leading them to accept its responses without question.

Time-saving pressures. Due to heavy workloads, employees often base decisions on AI-generated answers without taking the time to verify them.

Lack of expertise for evaluation. In some cases, users lack the necessary knowledge to assess the accuracy of AI-generated information.

How to preserve critical thinking when using AI?

If knowledge workers become passive consumers of AI-generated content, their critical thinking skills may gradually weaken. Just as the widespread use of calculators reduced the need for mental arithmetic, excessive reliance on AI could diminish people's ability to critically analyze information.

However, researchers emphasize that these risks depend on how AI is used. When designed as an interactive tool that encourages users to think and engage, AI can not only maintain but even enhance cognitive abilities.

Using AI to your advantage

AI should serve as a tool that complements human capabilities rather than replacing them. By combining technological assistance with active participation in decision-making, users can avoid potential downsides and improve overall efficiency.

Key principles for using AI as a tool for intellectual growth:

1) Instead of treating AI-generated answers as final, use them as a starting point for further analysis.

2) AI tools should encourage users to ask follow-up questions and justify their reasoning rather than simply providing ready-made solutions.

3) Maintaining a balance between task automation and human-driven idea generation is crucial.

4) Users should develop skills in verifying information rather than blindly trusting generative models.

Earlier, Kazinform News Agency reported that Sony explored the potential of artificial intelligence in video games, developing prototypes of AI-powered characters